Common Causes of Blocked Drains and How to Fix Them

Blocked drains are a common problem that can lead to unpleasant odors, water damage, and even health hazards if left untreated. Understanding the typical causes of blocked drains and how to address them can help homeowners maintain a properly functioning drainage system. In this article, we’ll look at the most frequent causes of blocked drains and provide tips on how to fix or prevent them.

1. Build-Up of Grease and Fat

Cause: In kitchens, fats, oils, and grease are often washed down the sink, where they cool and solidify in the pipes. Over time, this greasy buildup restricts water flow and causes blockages.

Solution: To clear a grease blockage, try pouring a mixture of hot water and dish soap down the drain. For more stubborn clogs, using a drain-cleaning solution or calling a professional might be necessary. To prevent grease buildup, avoid pouring fats and oils down the sink; instead, collect them in a container and dispose of them in the trash.

2. Hair Buildup in Bathroom Drains

Cause: Hair is a common culprit in bathroom drains, where it collects in the pipes and combines with soap residue, creating stubborn clogs that restrict water flow.

Solution: Use a drain snake or a hair clog removal tool to pull out the trapped hair. Installing drain guards in showers and sinks can help catch hair before it enters the pipes, making it easier to dispose of.

3. Foreign Objects and Debris

Cause: Toiletries, small toys, food scraps, and other foreign items can accidentally end up in drains. These objects can easily cause blockages, especially in toilets and sinks, where they obstruct water flow and may even damage pipes.

Solution: To remove blockages caused by foreign objects, use a plunger or a drain snake to dislodge the debris. Avoid flushing items that do not break down, like wipes or cotton swabs, and ensure children understand not to flush or drop toys down the toilet.

4. Soap Scum and Mineral Deposits

Cause: Soap residue, also known as soap scum, can build up in pipes over time, especially in areas with hard water. The minerals in hard water mix with soap to create a sticky residue that coats the inside of pipes.

Solution: Clear soap scum blockages by using a mixture of hot water, vinegar, and baking soda to help dissolve the buildup. Installing a water softener can help reduce mineral deposits, and choosing soap alternatives that don’t create as much residue can also be beneficial.

5. Tree Root Intrusions

Cause: In search of moisture, tree roots can penetrate small cracks in underground pipes. Once inside, roots grow and expand, causing severe blockages and potentially damaging pipes.

Solution: Removing tree roots from pipes typically requires professional help. Drainage specialists may use specialized cutting equipment or hydro-jetting to clear roots. Regular inspections with CCTV cameras can help detect root intrusion early, and homeowners can plant trees further from drainage lines to avoid this issue.

6. Excessive Toilet Paper Use

Cause: Using too much toilet paper at once can cause clogs, particularly in older plumbing systems. Some types of thick or multi-ply toilet paper dissolve slowly, creating blockages that hinder water flow.

Solution: Using a plunger can help dislodge minor toilet paper clogs. To prevent future blockages, try to use only the necessary amount of toilet paper and opt for brands that are designed to dissolve quickly. Avoid flushing paper towels, which do not break down in water.

7. Improper Disposal of Hygiene Products

Cause: Items like sanitary products, baby wipes, and cotton pads do not dissolve in water and can quickly clog drains. These items create hard-to-remove blockages that require intervention.

Solution: For minor blockages, using a plunger or drain snake might help. However, in many cases, hygiene product blockages require professional removal. To prevent this, always dispose of sanitary products, wipes, and similar items in the trash instead of flushing them.

8. Soil and Sediment Build-Up

Cause: Over time, soil, sand, and other debris can enter outdoor drains, especially after heavy rains or if the property has poor drainage around it. This sediment builds up and can block drains or even cause flooding.

Solution: For outdoor drains, regular cleaning and maintenance are essential. Using a garden hose or pressure washer can help clear away soil and sediment. Installing drain covers or grates can help prevent dirt from entering the system in the first place.

Final Tips for Keeping Drains Clear

Preventing blocked drains requires consistent maintenance and good practices. Here are some general tips to keep your drains clear:

• Regularly inspect and clean drains: Schedule periodic checks and clean out any minor buildup before it becomes a major issue.
• Use drain covers: Simple mesh or silicone drain covers can capture hair, food particles, and other debris before they enter the pipes.
• Avoid harsh chemical cleaners: While chemical cleaners can sometimes clear clogs, they may also damage pipes. Consider natural solutions or consult a professional if you’re dealing with frequent blockages.
• Schedule professional inspections: An annual inspection with a professional drainage service can help spot and address potential problems before they become costly repairs.

Blocked drains are common, but with regular maintenance and preventive measures, you can keep your drainage system flowing smoothly. By understanding the causes and knowing how to address them, you’ll save yourself time, hassle, and potential damage to your property.